Kā tīmekļa serveri zina, vai izmantojat tiešo IP adrešu piekļuvi vai ne?

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Kā tīmekļa serveri zina, vai izmantojat tiešo IP adrešu piekļuvi vai ne?
Kā tīmekļa serveri zina, vai izmantojat tiešo IP adrešu piekļuvi vai ne?
Anonim
Parasti mēs vienkārši ierakstiet tās vietnes adresi, kuru mēs vēlamies apskatīt, bet vai tīmekļa serveris patiešām "zinātu", ja tā vietā izmantotu tiešo IP adresi? Šodienas SuperUser Q & A ziņai ir atbilde uz sajaukt lasītāja jautājumu.
Parasti mēs vienkārši ierakstiet tās vietnes adresi, kuru mēs vēlamies apskatīt, bet vai tīmekļa serveris patiešām "zinātu", ja tā vietā izmantotu tiešo IP adresi? Šodienas SuperUser Q & A ziņai ir atbilde uz sajaukt lasītāja jautājumu.

Šodienas jautājumu un atbilžu sesija mums priecājas par SuperUser - Stack Exchange dalību, kas ir kopienas vadīta Q & A tīmekļa vietņu grupa.

Foto pieklājīgi no Cory M. Grenier (Flickr).

Jautājums

SuperUser lasītājs Joseph A. vēlas uzzināt, kā tīmekļa serveri var pateikt, vai jūs izmantojat tiešo IP adresi vai ne:

Some web servers, when accessed using their IP address, return an error that direct IP address access is not allowed. I have been wondering for some time how this works.

Does a browser always resolve the IP address and connect to it? Direct IP address access is just skipping DNS altogether, right? How does a remote server even know that you skipped DNS?

Kā tīmekļa serveri zina, vai jūs izmantojat tiešo IP adresi vai ne?

Atbilde

SuperUser atbalstītājs iAdjunct ir atbilde mums:

To answer your question of how it knows, it has to do with what your browser sends the web server. You are right that the system always resolves it to an IP address, but the browser sends the URL you attempted to access in the HTTP header.

Here is a sample header that I found online, modified to look as though you used Firefox on Windows and typed apple.com into the address bar:

Here is what the header would look like if you used its IP address:
Here is what the header would look like if you used its IP address:
Both of these would be sent to the same IP address over a socket, but the browser tells the web server what it accessed. Why? Because web servers with the same IP address may host multiple websites and give different pages for each. It cannot distinguish who wants which page by IP address because they all have the same one, but it can distinguish them by the HTTP header.
Both of these would be sent to the same IP address over a socket, but the browser tells the web server what it accessed. Why? Because web servers with the same IP address may host multiple websites and give different pages for each. It cannot distinguish who wants which page by IP address because they all have the same one, but it can distinguish them by the HTTP header.

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